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may 2010 doc id 15073 rev 1 1/21 AN2835 application note 70 w hid lamp ballast based on the l6569, l6385e and l6562a introduction this application note describes the electronic lamp ballast for 70 w high intensity discharge (hid) metal halide lamps (mhl) used for general indoor applications. the ballast is composed of a boost converter and an inverter. the inverter is realized by a full bridge driver with a power control circuit. the booster converter for power factor correction (pfc) is controlled by the l6562a controller (u1). the inverter is a full bridge topology driven by two pairs of half bridge buck converters, l6385e (u3) and l6569 (u4), with the constant power control circuit l6562a (u2). in this note the dual-buck converter is introduced. one works in high frequency and the other works in complementarity with necessary dead time at a lower frequency. figure 1. the demonstration board !-v www.st.com
contents AN2835 2/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 contents 1 safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 the selected solution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.1 the dual-buck converter topology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2 the power control circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.3 ignition circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3 description of demonstr ation board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.1 specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.2 the pcb layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.3 electrical schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3.4 bill of material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 4 experimental results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4.1 test with hid lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5 references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6 revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
AN2835 list of figures doc id 15073 rev 1 3/21 list of figures figure 1. the demonstration board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 figure 2. the fundamental diagram for the hid lamp ballast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 figure 3. the dual-buck converter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 figure 4. the timing chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 figure 5. input power, output voltage and input peak current . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 figure 6. indirect constant power control circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 figure 7. average current sense circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 figure 8. ignition circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 figure 9. electrical characteristics of lic01. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 figure 10. demonstration board top-side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 figure 11. demonstration board bottom-side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 figure 12. schematic diagram of demonstration board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 figure 13. lamp current at warm-up state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 figure 14. load with 30 w during warm-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 figure 15. load with 50 w during warm-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 figure 16. load with 100 w in steady-state. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 figure 17. load with 140 w in steady-state. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 figure 18. steady-state at 110 vac input. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 figure 19. steady-state at 220 vac . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 figure 20. the timer circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 figure 21. lamp current during start up with hid lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 figure 22. the lamp current in warm-up state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 figure 23. the lamp current in steady-state . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
safety instructions AN2835 4/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 1 safety instructions warning: the demonstration board must be used in a suitable laboratory by qualified personnel who are familiar with the installation, use, and maintenance of electrical systems. intended use the demonstration board is designed for demonstration purposes only, and must not be used for domestic installations or for industrial installations. all technical data, including the information concerning the power supply and wo rking conditions, should only be taken from the documentation included in the pack and must be strictly observed. installation the installation instructions for the demonstration board must be taken from the present document and strictly observed. the components must be protected against excessive strain, and in particular, no components are to be bent, or isolating distances altered during transportation, handling or use. the demonstrat ion board contains electrostatically sensitive components that are prone to damage through improper use. electrical components must not be mechanically damaged or destroyed (to avoid potential risk and personal injury). electrical connection applicable national accident prevention rules must be followed when working on the mains power supply. the electrical installation must be carried out in accordance with the appropriate requirements (e.g. cross-sectional areas of conductors, fusing, and pe connections). board operation a system architecture which supplies power to the demonstration board must be equipped with additional control and protective devices in accordance with the applicable safety requirements (e.g. compliance with technical equipment and accident prevention rules).
AN2835 the selected solution doc id 15073 rev 1 5/21 2 the selected solution 2.1 the dual-buck converter topology the fundamental application circuit in figure 2 is composed of a pfc stage and a power inversion stage. as the boost converter for power factor correction (pfc) is commonly used, only the power inversion stage is introduced in this application note. figure 2. the fundamental diagram for the hid lamp ballast the full bridge inverter consists of two half bridge buck converters. this is shown in figure 3 . both converters have the same l2 load, c2 and lamp. one of the buck converters (s2 and s4) works in high frequency (several tens of khz) and the second buck converter (s3 and s5) works in complementarity with necessary dead time at a lower frequency (a few hundred hertz). this kind of full bridge stage is also called dual-buck converter. figure 3. the dual-buck converter the timing diagram in figure 4 indicates the relationship of a dual-buck converter and lamp current. !-v !-v
the selected solution AN2835 6/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 figure 4. the timing chart description of the four operating states state 1 in figure 3 a (from t0 to t1, see figure 4 ): ? s3 and s4 in off-state, s2 and s5 are turned on, c1 discharges through s2, l2, lamp and s5. certain energy stores to l2 and c2. state 2 in figure 3 b (from t1 to t2, see figure 4 ): ? s3 and s4 remain in off-state. s2 is working in high frequency in off-state, and s5 is working in low frequency and remains in on-state. the energy of l2 and c2 keeps on releasing through lamp, s5 and the reversed body diode of s4. as s2 is working at a higher frequency, state 1 and state 2 is repetitive until the s5 is turned-off at t3. state 3 in figure 3 c (from t3 to t4, see figure 4 ): ? s2 and s5 in off-state, s3 and s4 are turned on, c1 discharges through s3, lamp, l2 and s4. certain energy stores to l2 and c2. state 4 in figure 3 d (from t4 to t5, see figure 4 ): ? s2 and s5 remain in off-state. s4 is working in high frequency in off-state, and s3 is working in low frequency and remains in on-state. the energy of l2 and c2 keeps on releasing through the reversed body diode of s2, then s3 and lamp. s4 is working at a high frequency from t3 to t6, therefore state 3 and state 4 is repetitive until s3 is turned-off at t6. o ne full operating cycle is completed. starting from t6, the behavior of t0 is repeated again. from the above analysis, we realize the lamp current flow to this dual-buck converter, and loads to the same l2 inductor, c2 output capacitor, and hid lamp. the lamp current at state 3 and state 4 is in the opposite direction. 2.2 the power control circuit there are two main functions of the power cont rol circuit. one is constant current control during warm-up and the other is constant power control during steady-state operation. constant current control normally, the lamp current is higher during the warm-up stage than when working at steady-state. but a warm-up current that is too high may cause the electrode to decay and shorten the operating life of the lamp. if warm-up current is too low, the time to steady-state is postponed. therefore providing a value with 20% higher than the rate of warm-up current during warm-up time is respected. the constant current control is !-v
AN2835 the selected solution doc id 15073 rev 1 7/21 realized by controlling the peak inductor current of the dual-buck converter. assume the input voltage of the buck converter is v bi , the output voltage is v bo , the duty cycle is d, input peak current is i in_pk , as the buck converter is working at a critical discontinuous mode, and the average input current is: equation 1 and the duty cycle is: equation 2 the input power becomes: equation 3 thus the relationship between the input power (p in ), input peak current (i in_pk ) and output voltage (v bo ) is: equation 4 if the lamp is operating with a constant current source, once input peak current (i in_pk ) is selected, we observe the input power (p in ) is proportional to the output voltage (v bo ). despite the power losses, the output power is also proportional to the output voltage. figure 5. input power, output voltage and input peak current in figure 5 , there are three different i in_pk curves, this helps to choose the proper input peak current according to the different types of lamp. after warming-up, the lamp voltage increases slowly to the minimum value of the rated power, the duty cycle increases accordingly. and then the input peak current decreases. in order to power up the lamp in steady-state, the circuit changes from constant current control function to constant power control. i in 1 2 -- - i inpk d ? = - d v bo v bi --------- = p in v bi i in ? = !-v
the selected solution AN2835 8/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 constant power control circuit in this solution, the voltage on pin 3 of u2 (l6562a) is fixed, therefore, during the warm- up time, pin 2 of u2 is clamped at its upper threshold, so the input peak current detected by pin 4 is also fixed. once the lamp power increases with the lamp voltage increase, pin 2 decreases accordingly, the lamp works at a constant power state. constant power control assures the output power is constant and stabilizes lamp luminosity without flicker. the lamp operates at the best rated lamp power. here is an indirect method to perform the constant power control for the lamp. as shown in figure 6 , an rs resistor is connected between the pfc stage and the full bridge stage. if the output voltage of the pfc stage is constant, it means the current of rs is constant. with the proper cont rolling of the average current flow through rs, the current sources from the boost converter (pfc stage) become constant, and the output power in full bridge stage is also constant, assume the power losses of the dual-buck converter (full bridge stage) is constant. therefore the lamp power has constant control indirectly. figure 6. indirect constant power control circuit the average current sense circuit is shown as figure 7 . r1 and c3 is the filter used to obtain the average voltage on rs. the vf feedback signal is generated to control the on-time of the dual-buck converter. in practice, the operating lamp voltage and current change according to the age of the lamp, but the change in power loss to the dual-buck converter is very small and therefore negligible. this indirect method achieves good performances in a low power application. !-v
AN2835 the selected solution doc id 15073 rev 1 9/21 figure 7. average current sense circuit 2.3 ignition circuit a high voltage is required to ignite the hid lamp. the ignition voltage depends on the type of hid lamp. for a mhl (metal halide lamp) it is about 3-5 kv. for a hot lamp re-striking needs about 20 kv. immediate re-ignition of a hot lamp is not advised. therefore, a cooling down period for hot lamps is recommended. the ignition circuit is shown in figure 8 . the pulse transformer (t1) is used to give the ignition pulse. the lic01 is specially designed for high voltage pulse generation purposes. at the beginning of turn-on s, with lic01 in off-state, bus voltage vdc charges to c1 through r1 until it reaches the breakdown voltage (v bo in figure 9 ) of lic01. once lic01 breaksdown, c1 discharges and the crowbar current occurs. lic01 is latched to on-state. the lic01 is turned off when discharging a current lower than the holding current (ih). then lic01 returns to the off-state. in such a case, a voltage pulse is generated on lp. with the turn ratio 1:n of t1, the high voltage across c2 is generated and remains constant for a very short time. therefore the lamp obtains a high voltage pulse to ignite. lic01 returns to the off-state after c1 discharges and another charging to c1 is restarted. after the lamp is ignited, s is turned off and there is no more voltage pulse generation on lp. !-v figure 8. ignition circuit f igure 9. electrical characteristics of lic01 !-v !-v
description of demonstration board AN2835 10/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 3 description of demonstration board 3.1 specifications the demonstration board is designed with open -lamp protection, specifications are shown in ta bl e 1 . 3.2 the pcb layout figure 10. demonstration board top-side view figure 11. demonstration board bottom-side view table 1. specifications parameter value unit line voltage range 88 to 264 volt line frequency 50 or 60 hz load with hid lamp 70 watt lamp rate voltage 85 vrms power factor 0.98 minimum - efficiency 0.88 minimum % !-v !-v
AN2835 description of demonstration board doc id 15073 rev 1 11/21 3.3 electrical schematic figure 12. schematic diagram of demonstration board am0161 3 v1 r14 0.47 c29 630v 0.1u r48 100 r40 10k r43 1k r42 10k d15 1n4148 5 6 7 b 8 4 u5b lm358d vbus vbus start r49 10k 2 2 1 1 q13 * r41 2k q6 stq3nk50zr-ap c25 1u va c input c3 0.47u c1 0.22u c2 0.22u d6 15v r11 62k c8 330n r7 20 q1 stp12nm50 fd r12 0.47 d2 stth2l06 r8 1m r10 6.8k c11 450v 47u c6 10n l1 l2 r9 82k r1 1.5m r2 10k r3 330k c9 33u c5 50v 47u d4 1n4148 r4 100 c4 1u 1 3 2 4 87 6 5 l6562a u1 vcc vcc fuse1 fuse r5 100 4 4 2 2 1 1 3 3 l3 d1 bridge r6 12k d3 1n4148 d5 1n4148 c7 680n 1 1 3 3 2 2 4 4 t1 tran s r13 270k c10 20v 33u d8 15v vcc1 vcc d7 1n4148 r132 270k c24 1.5u c23 1u q2 stp12nm50fd q3 stp12nm50fd c13 400v 0.47u r28 10k r26 10k r27 680 r29 680 r31 20 r30 20 c12 400v 0.47u hin lin vcc lvg out hvg gnd vboot 1 3 2 4 8 7 6 5 u3 l6385ed q8 mmbt22 2 2 q9 mmbt22 2 2 vbb vbb r21 24k r18 910 c19 1u c21 1n r24 4.7k r19 1k c20 100n r33 68k r32 2k r34 36k r35 150k r25 4.7k d11 1n4148 c18 1u r20 20k 2 3 1 a 8 4 u5a lm35 8 d vcc1 start q5 stp9nk50z q4 stp9nk50 z rf cf vcc lvg out hvg gnd vboot 1 3 2 4 8 7 6 5 u4 l6569a r16 200 r17 200 c15 1u zcd vs2 d12 1n4148 vs1 zc d vbb vbb r37 200 r36 2k ct 1 4 4 3 3 1 1 2 2 ct2 vs1 vs2 r39 360 lamp d14 1n4148 d13 1n4148 r15 36k c17 100n c16 1u 1.1mh l4 r38 200 q10 2n7002 q12 2n7002 q11 2n7002 r22 5.1k r23 1.8k c22 100n d9 1n4148 1 3 2 4 8 7 6 5 l6562a u2 * d10 2v vcc1 vcc1 vcc1 vcc1 vcc1 vcc1 r133 270k vi g 1 vi g 2 vi g 1 vig 2
description of demonstration board AN2835 12/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 3.4 bill of material table 2. bill of material name value rated type c1, c2 0.22 f 275 v panasonic ecqu2a224kl c3, c12, c13 o.47 f 400 v falatronic cl21 c4 1 f c5, c9, c10 47 f 50 v c6 10 nf smd (0805) c7 680 nf smd (0805) c8 330 nf smd (0805) c9, c10 33 f 20 v tantalum c11 47 f 450 v panasonic eeuee2w470s c15, c16, c18, c19, c23, c25 1 f smd (0805) c17, c20, c22 100 nf smd (0805) c14, c21 1 nf smd (0805) c24 1.5 f smd (0805) c29 0.1 f 630 v falatronic cbb21 r1 1.5 m smd (0805) r2, r26, r40, r42 10 k smd (0805) r3 330 k smd (1206) r4, r5 100 1 w r6 12 k smd (0805) r7 20 smd (0805) r8 1 m smd (0805) r9 82 k smd (0805) r10 6.8 k smd (0805) r11 62 k smd (1206) r12, r14 0.47 1 w r13, r132, r133 270 k smd (1206) r15 36 k smd (0805) r16, r17, r37, r38 200 smd (0805) r18 910 smd (0805) r19, r43 1 k smd (0805) r20 20 k smd (0805)
AN2835 description of demonstration board doc id 15073 rev 1 13/21 r21 24 k smd (0805) r22 5.1 k smd (0805) r23 1.8 k 1% ? w smd (0805) r24, r25 4.7 k smd (0805) r27, r29 680 smd (0805) r28 10 k smd (0805) r30, r31 20 smd (0805) r32 2 k 1% r33 68 k 1% r34 36 k 1% r35 150 k 1% r36, r41 2 k r39 360 r44, r45, r46, r47 n.c. r48 100 r49 10 k 1 w d1 2kbp06 2 a, 600 v bridge rectifier d2 stth2l06 ultra-fast diode stmicroelectronics d3, d7, d9, d11, d12, d13, d14, d15 1n4148 mini melf d4, d5 1n4148 do-35 d6, d8 15 v zener diode 15 v mini melf d10 2 v zener diode 2 v mini melf d16 n.c. q1, q2, q3 stp15nm60nd power mosfet stmicroelectronics q4, q5 stp9nk50z zener protected mosfet stmicroelectronics q6 stq3nk50zr zener protected mosfet stmicroelectronics q7 n.c. q8, q9 mmbt2222 sot-23 q10, q11, q12 2n7002 power mosfet stmicroelectronics q13 lic01-215h light ignition circuit stmicroelectronics u1, u2 l6562ad power controller stmicroelectronics u3 l6385ed hb driver stmicroelectronics u4 l6569ad hb driver stmicroelectronics table 2. bill of material (continued) name value rated type
description of demonstration board AN2835 14/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 u5 lm358d comparator stmicroelectronics fuse 1 500 ma ct1, ct2 ct101 tdk ct101 l1 200 h 2 a tdk sf-t8-60l-02-pf l2 7.5 mh 1.5 a tdk hf2318- a752y1r5-01 l3 (1) 600 h inductor l4 (2) 1.1 mh inductor t1 (3) 400 h transformer 1. core: pc40ef25-z or equivalent; bobbin: ef-25; winding: aw g30*4, 100 turns and awg29*2,8 turns; air gap: about 1 mm 2. core: pc40ef25-z or equivalent; bobbin: ef-25; winding: awg27*2, 150 turns; air gap: about 1.8 mm 3. core: pc40ef25-z or equivalent; bobbin: ef-25; winding: ~; air gap: about 1 mm table 2. bill of material (continued) name value rated type
AN2835 experimental results doc id 15073 rev 1 15/21 4 experimental results figure 13 shows the lamp current during start up. this warm-up current is higher than the steady-state current. this current should be constant during the warm-up stage (the circled area) before it enters the steady-state. during warm-up, the equivalent resistor for a 70 w hid lamp can vary from 20 to 70 . figure 13. lamp current at warm-up state since the hid lamp needs constant current control during the warm-up state and constant power control during steady-state, designers, therefore, used a 30 and 50 dummy load to evaluate the performance of the warm-up state. figure 14 is the test with a 30 dummy load and figure 15 is the test with a 50 dummy load. obviously the current values during warm-up equal 1.1 a constantly, and therefore the constant current control is well achieved. for constant power control to the 70 w hid lamp, the rated voltage of the lamp is 85 v and the rated current is 0.82 a. therefore, the equivalent resistor for the lamp equals 103.6 . as the equivalent resistor for a new or old lamp varies, the typically varied range can have a !-v figure 14. load with 30 during warm-up figure 15. load with 50 during warm-up !-v upper: output voltage 50 v/div lower: output current 1.0 a/div !-v upper: output voltage 50 v/div lower: output current 1.0 a/div
experimental results AN2835 16/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 20% difference to the rated value. therefore a 100 and 140 dummy load is chosen for constant power evaluation on bench. please refer to figure 16 and 17 for test results of the lamp voltage and lamp current. figure 18 shows the input line voltage and current waveforms at 110 vac and figure 19 for 220 vac, both bench measurements show the ac input simultaneous waveform, the input current plot is very good and has extreme low distortion. in steady-state, the input power (pin), output power (pout), operating efficiency and power factor under 110 vac and 220 vac is shown in ta bl e 3 . obviously the efficiency is over 88% and the power factor is higher than 98%. figure 16. load with 100 in steady-state figure 17. load with 140 in steady-state upper: output voltage 100 v/div lower: output current 500 ma/div !-v upper: output voltage 200 v/div lower: output current 500 ma/div !-v figure 18. steady-state at 110 vac input figure 19. steady-state at 220 vac upper: output voltage 200 v/div lower: output current 1.0 a/div !-v upper: input voltage 200 v/div lower: input current 500 ma/div !-v
AN2835 experimental results doc id 15073 rev 1 17/21 from section 2.3 , we know that high voltage pulse generates continuously before it steps into steady-state. once the hid lamp is in open-circuit or absent from the system board, there is no chance to step into steady-state. in such a condition, the ignition circuit is not only continuously generating high pulse voltage, but also the full bridge circuit is working at low frequency (about 200 hz) as the output of u2 stays high before pin 4 of u2 detects a current signal. to avoid a hazard from 3~5 kv on the system board while the hid lamp is in open-circuit or the hid lamp is absent from the system, the building of a timer to abort this high voltage pulse generation may be important. if it is necessary to abort the high voltage pulse generation, a ne555 timer (see figure 20 ) is used to set up a limited time (normally 5 minutes) to turn-off the circuit at the scheduled time, or apply an mcu in digital solutions. the microcontroller gives more flexible and precise time control compared to one with a simple hardware solution. figure 20. the timer circuit table 3. test results of power factor and efficiency conditions pin pout efficiency (pout/pin) pf watts watts % at 110 vac 77.8 68.9 88.5 0.99 at 220 vac 76.9 68.9 89.6 0.98 !-v
experimental results AN2835 18/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 4.1 test with hid lamp the test was done at 220 vac line input with a hid lamp at room temperature. the test lamp is a powerball hci-t 70w/830 wdl from osram. ta b l e 4 shows the test results. the input power for the 70 w hid lamp is 76.4 w and the power factor achieved is 0.98. the lamp current during start up is shown in figure 21 . the detail of warm-up current is shown in figure 22 and the steady-state current is shown in figure 23 . figure 21. lamp current during start up with hid lamp table 4. test results of power factor results conditions vin iin pin pf volts amperes watts ~ t amb = 25 c 220 0.347 76.4 0.98 !-v figure 22. the lamp current in warm-up state figure 23. the lamp current in steady-state vertical: lamp current 1 a/div horizontal: time 2 ms/div !-v vertical: lamp current 1 a/div horizontal: time 2 ms/div !-v
AN2835 references doc id 15073 rev 1 19/21 5 references 1. an2747 2. l6562a datasheet 3. l6569 datasheet 4. l6385e datasheet 5. lic01 datasheet 6. lm358 datasheet 7. stth2l06 datasheet 8. stq3nk50zr datasheet 9. stp9nk50z datasheet 10. stp15nm60nd datasheet 11. 2n7002 datasheet.
revision history AN2835 20/21 doc id 15073 rev 1 6 revision history table 5. document revision history date revision changes 13-may-2010 1 initial release
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